The Valar
Herein lies the names of the Valar. They are led by the Council of Four, the Eldest created by Ilúvatar.
Manwe
Lord of the Four, and king of the gods., appointed to rule by Ilúvatar himself, commonly called the Elder King. He is lord of the skies and the sun, and is charged with watching over Arda and protecting it from the influences of Morgath and his followers. Appointed to be, the first of all Kings: lord of the realm of Arda and ruler of all that dwell therein. He takes joy is in the winds and the clouds, and in all the regions of the air, from the heights to the valleys, from the utmost borders of the world
Many pray to Manwe before heading into battle, or taking other actions that require either a hot head or bravery.
Varda
Wife to Manwe, queen of the gods, and Lady of the stars. She created the stars and the moon to give the peoples of Arda a gentle and healing light to sleep in. Too great is her beauty to be declared in the words of Men or of Elves; for the light of creationlives still in her face. Out of the deeps of Arda she came to the aid of Manwe; for Melkor she knew from before the making of the Music and rejected him, and he hated her, and feared her more than all others whom Eru made Of all the Great Ones who dwell in this world the Elves hold Varda most in reverence and love
Varda is often prayed to when a person needs inner peace or to rest a weary soul.
Nienna
Youngest of the four, she has witnessed first hand the betrayal of her eldest brother, she is acquainted with grief, and mourns for every wound that Arda has suffered in the marring of Melkor - but she has come to see the pity and courage that comes from loss. She has been charged with keeping the souls of the dead, and she guards them jealously, keeping them safe from the corruption of Morgath. Only Nienna and Valtouri know what fate awaits the souls of the fallen, and none who have passed that horizon have returned to tell the tale.
Nienna is most often prayed to in times of great grief or to intervene behalf of the deceased.
Ulmo
The god of the Sea and the Storms, Ulmo is both fair and wrathful. Ulmo has always had a... disagreement with Melekor, for where Melekor desires to remake the world in his image the seas and storm are wild, and impossible to control.
if the Children of Valtouri beheld him they were filled with a great dread; for the arising of the King of the Sea was terrible, as a mounting wave that strides to the land, with dark helm foam-crested and raiment of mail shimmering from silver down into shadows of green
Ulmo is the patron god of sailors, and is often prayed to before any ship sets to sea.
Melekor, Morgath
The betrayer, the deceiver, the corrupter. Melekor grew jealous of Ilúvatar and his ability to create not just life, but a soul. He sewed discord into the chords of the universe and attempted to corrupt the entirety of Arda in jealousy. His bid was unsuccessful, and he was cast into the void beyond time for his heresy.
Few pray to Morgath, and fewer ever capture his attention, Morgath offers only ruin and corruption.
Mandos
Judgment. When a being passes into the next life, Mandos waits for them. He is the keeper of the Houses of the Dead, and the summoner of the spirits of the slain. He forgets nothing; and he knows all things that shall be, save only those that lie still in the freedom of Ilúvatar. He is the Doomsman of the Valar; but he pronounces his dooms and his judgements only at the bidding of Ilúvatar.
Mandos is considered to be the patron god of law and order, but also vengeance and retribution.
Loriean
Brother to Mandos. The god of Knowledge, Loriean; the master of visions and dreams; he who weaves all things that have ever been in Time into his storied webs, and the halls of Varda that ever widen as the ages pass are clothed with them.
Many pray to Loriean for guidance and to discover secrets, and is viewed as the patron god of educators, lore masters, and wisemen.
Aule
The craftsman. Aule taught the first people how to build, and pull metals from the earth and fashion them into tools. He is a smith and a master of all crafts, and he delights in works of skill, however small, as much as in the mighty building of old. His are the gems and precious metals that lie deep in Arda The dwarves in Arda have taken a particular liking to Aule's teachings, and are often his favored pupils.
Aule is the patron god of craftsmen, and many workshops or other places of industry will have a small shrine dedicated to him.
Yavanaa
Wife to Aule. Yavanna is the goddess of all things that grow. She is birth and rebirth. Giver of Fruits. She is the lover of all things that grow in the earth, and all their countless forms she holds in her mind, from the trees like towers in forests long ago to the moss upon stones or the small and secret things in the mold.
Yavanna is the patron god of the harvest, spring, and mothers. The people of Arda will often pray to her as childbirth approaches or for a good harvest, or winter's end.
Tulkus
Greatest in strength and deeds of prowess is Tulkas. He delights in wrestling and in contests of strength. His hair and beard are golden, and his flesh ruddy; his weapons are his hands. He has little heed for either the past or the future, and is of no avail as a counsellor, but is a hardy friend
Orome
If he is less strong than Tulkas, he is more dreadful in anger; Orome loved the lands of creation, and he left them unwillingly and came last to Varda; and often of old he passed back east over the mountains and returned with his host to the hills and the plains. He is a hunter of monsters and fell beasts, and he delights in horses and in hounds
Maiar
The Maiar are often viewed as lesser gods, answering to the Valar. While they do not traditionally gather near as large of a following, many Maiar will have dominion over a sect and acquire a small following.